Towards an efficient solution to mitigate the forest fire problem based on unmanned aerial vehicles and wireless sensors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5753/jisa.2025.4995Keywords:
WSN, UAV, Forest Fires, FireAbstract
One of the leading global challenges that the society faces worldwide is related to the forest fire problem, which generates financial losses, threatens ecological systems, and affects public security, putting human and animal life at risk. Despite recent efforts to mitigate the forest fire problem, providing a higher accuracy rate for detecting fire, with a quick response time, without impacting the alert process is still a challenging R&D question that must be investigated. To advance this research front, we propose a solution to detect and monitor forest fires, called DF-Fire, using a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) and WSN (Wireless Sensor Network). For this, a deep learning architecture is modeled to carry out the fire detection process. In addition, to cover the area of interest, DF-Fire has a flight plan based on the information that the WSN disseminates. DF-Fire has been evaluated on real devices to prove its efficiency and, when compared to other benchmarking solutions, our solution has advanced in state of the art by: (i) increasing the hit rate to detect the fire; (ii) reduce the response time; and (iii) reduce overhead in processing time without impacting the alert process. Also, DF-Fire takes advantage of the sensors’ information to provide efficiency in the flight plan and correlate them to monitor how the fire spreads.
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