A Systematic Mapping Study of Container-Based Virtualization Technologies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5753/jisa.2026.6589Keywords:
Container-based virtualization, Cloud computing, Docker, IT infrastructure, Kubernetes, Software engineering, Systematic mapping studyAbstract
Container-based virtualization (CBV) is widely adopted in modern IT infrastructure, with technologies such as Docker and Kubernetes commonly used for application packaging and orchestration, respectively. Despite the growing body of research in this domain, no existing secondary study systematically maps CBV technologies across both IT domains and academic dimensions—comprising education, research, and outreach. This paper presents a Systematic Mapping Study (SMS) of 226 primary studies published between 2022 and 2024, identified through a hybrid strategy combining database searches across five digital libraries and forward/backward snowballing. Studies were classified using 11 IT domains and three academic dimensions, assessed through three quality indices (CVI, SCI, IRRQ), and organized into a dual-axis taxonomic structure. The results reveal a marked concentration around Docker (41.6%) and Kubernetes (29.6%), a dominance of IT Infrastructure as a research domain (75.66%), and an underrepresentation of education (11.06%) and outreach (5.88%) in the CBV literature. Six concrete research gaps are identified, including the need for alternative runtime evaluation, orchestration beyond Kubernetes, and empirical studies on CBV in educational contexts. The proposed taxonomy and identified gaps provide a structured foundation for researchers, educators, and practitioners navigating the evolving CBV landscape.
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