Evolving SPIDe Towards the Integration of Requirements Elicitation in Interaction Design

Jean C. S. Rosa; Beatriz B.  do Rêgo; Filipe  A. Garrido; Pedro  D. Valente; Nuno  J. Nunes; Ecivaldo  S. Matos

doi:10.5753/jbcs.2023.3132

Authors

Jean C. S. Rosa ITI/LARSyS https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1041-3162
Beatriz B. do Rêgo SPIDeLab/IC/UFBA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0832-0274
Filipe A. Garrido SPIDeLab/IC/UFBA https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0994-7746
Pedro D. Valente ITI/LARSyS & UMa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-7685
Nuno J. Nunes ITI/LARSyS & Tecnico/ULisbon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2498-0643
Ecivaldo S. Matos SPIDeLab/IC/UFBA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3294-8950

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5753/jbcs.2023.3132

Keywords:

Participatory Design, Semiotic Engineering, User Participation, Human Factors

Abstract

Among the various interaction (re)design processes and approaches, SPIDe is a semio-participatory methodological process inspired by communication-centered design. However, the development of computational solutions is not limited to interaction design. Requirements elicitation is also an integral part of this process. Some SPIDe studies indicated that it is also possible to raise requirements through its application due to its participatory characteristics. This article presents an investigation on the feasibility of SPIDe when applied to requirements elicitation integrated with interaction design, presenting an exploratory case study. From the perspective of different experts, we explain the strengths and needs of SPIDe in supporting requirements elicitation integrated into interaction design. Data were collected through logbooks, semi-structured interviews, and the TAM questionnaire and then analyzed through thematic analysis. The results show that the SPIDe use for requirements elicitation integrated into the interaction design is feasible. Furthermore, they indicated that possible improvements in SPIDe could benefit the development of the computational solutions considering a single application of SPIDe to obtain data for interaction design and requirements elicitation integrated.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abelein, U. and Paech, B. (2015). Understanding the Influence of User Participation and Involvement on System Success - a Systematic Mapping Study. Empirical Software Engineering, 20:28-81. DOI: 10.1007/s10664-013-9278-4.

Apshvalka, D., Donina, D., and Kirikova, M. (2009). Understanding the Problems of Requirements Elicitation Process: A Human Perspective. In Information Systems Development, volume 4, pages 211-223. Springer US, Boston, MA. DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-68772-8_17.

Arantes, F. L. (2013). Requirements Engineering of a Web Portal Using Organizational Semiotics Artifacts and Participatory Practices. International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology, 5(2):131-146. DOI: 10.5121/ijcsit.2013.5212.

Bano, M., Zowghi, D., and da Rimini, F. (2016). User satisfaction and system success: an empirical exploration of user involvement in software development. Empirical Software Engineering, pages 1-34. DOI: 10.1007/s10664-016-9465-1.

Bano, M., Zowghi, D., and da Rimini, F. (2018). Power and Politics of User Involvement in Software Development. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering 2018 - EASE'18, pages 157-162, New York, New York, USA. ACM Press. DOI: 10.1145/3210459.3210477.

Baranauskas, M. C. C. (2013). O modelo semioparticipativo de design. In Baranauskas, M. C. C., Martins, M. C., and Valente, J. A., editors, Codesign de Redes Digitais: tecnologia a serviço da inclusão social, chapter 2. Penso, Porto Alegre.

Baranauskas, M. C. C., Schimiguel, J., Simoni, C. A. C., and Medeiros, C. B. (2005). Guiding the Process of Requirements Elicitation with a Semiotic-based Approach - A Case Study. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, pages 100-111, Las Vegas.

Bourque, P. and Fairley, R. E. (2014). Guide to the Software Engineering - Body of Knowledge. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, D.C., USA.

Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2):77-101. DOI: 10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.

da Costa, H. F. D. and Pimentel, J. H. C. (2017). O Papel da Comunicação na Elicitação de Requisitos - Entrevistas e Brainstorming. Revista de Engenharia e Pesquisa Aplicada, 2(4):97-109. DOI: 10.25286/repa.v2i4.845.

Das, V. V. (2007). Involvement of users in software requirement engineering. In Proceedings - 10th International Conference on Information Technology, ICIT 2007, pages 230-233. DOI: 10.1109/ICOIT.2007.4418302.

Davis, F. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3):319-340. DOI: 10.1016/S0305-0483(98)00028-0.

De Souza, C. S. (2005). The Semiotic Engineering of Human-Computer Interaction. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

De Souza, C. S. (2006). Da(s) subjetividade(s) na produção de tecnologia. In Nicolaci-da Costa, A. M., editor, Cabeças Digitais: O cotidiano na era da informação, pages 81-106. PUC-Rio/Loyola, Rio de Janeiro.

De Souza, C. S. and Leitão, C. F. (2009). Semiotic Engineering Methods for Scientific Research in HCI. Synthesis Lectures on Human-Centered Informatics, 2(1):1-122. DOI: 10.2200/S00173ED1V01Y200901HCI002.

Druin, A. (2002). The role of children in the design of new technology. Behaviour & Information Technology, 21(1):1-25. DOI: 10.1080/01449290110108659.

Faste, H., Rachmel, N., Essary, R., and Sheehan, E. (2013). Brainstorm, Chainstorm, Cheatstorm, Tweetstorm. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '13, pages 1343-1352, New York, New York, USA. ACM Press. DOI: 10.1145/2470654.2466177.

Fuks, H., Raposo, A., Gerosa, M. A., Pimentel, M., Filippo, D., and Lucena, C. (2008). Inter- and intra-relationships between communication coordination and cooperation in the scope of the 3C Collaboration Model. In 2008 12th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design, volume 1, pages 148-153. DOI: 10.1109/CSCWD.2008.4536971.

Fuks, H., Raposo, A., Gerosa, M. A., Pimentel, M., and Lucena, C. J. P. (2007). The 3C Collaboration Model. In Encyclopedia of E-Collaboration, pages 637-644. IGI Global, Cham. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59904-000-4.ch097.

Laitenberger, O. and Dreyer, H. M. (1998). Evaluating the usefulness and the ease of use of a Web-based inspection data collection tool. In Proceedings Fifth International Software Metrics Symposium, pages 122-132, Bethesda, USA. IEEE Computer Society. DOI: 10.1109/METRIC.1998.731237.

Lazar, J., Feng, J. H., and Hochheiser, H. (2017). Research Methods in Human-Computer Interaction. Morgan Kaufmann, Cambridge, USA, 2nd edition.

Leitão, C. F. (2017). Semiotic Engineering as a Reflexive, Transdisciplinary and Humanistic Theory in and Beyond HCI. In Barbosa, S. D. J. and Breitman, K., editors, Conversations Around Semiotic Engineering, chapter 10, pages 101-113. Springer International Publishing, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-56291-9_10.

Luck, R. (2003). Dialogue in participatory design. Design Studies, 24(6):523-535. DOI: 10.1016/S0142-694X(03)00040-1.

Luck, R. (2018). What is it that makes participation in design participatory design? Design Studies, 59:1-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.destud.2018.10.002.

Markopoulos, P., Read, J. C., MacFarlane, S., and Höysniemi, J. (2008). Evaluating Children's Interactive Products: Principles and Practices for Interaction Designers. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA. DOI: 10.1007/s13398-014-0173-7.2.

Marques, A. B., Conte, T., and Barbosa, S. D. J. (2016). Representing the interaction and navigation of interactive systems through a usability-oriented model. In Proceedings of the 15th Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computer Systems - IHC '16, pages 1-10, Nova York, EUA. ACM Press. DOI: 10.1145/3033701.3033716.

McAlpine, H., Cash, P., and Hicks, B. (2017). The role of logbooks as mediators of engineering design work. Design Studies, 48:1-29. DOI: 10.1016/j.destud.2016.10.003.

Mendes, M. S. and Furtado, E. (2014). The DIRCE approach for Requirements Elicitation and Design of Interaction in innovative systems. In 2014 XL Latin American Computing Conference (CLEI), pages 1-10, Montevideo, Uruguay. IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/CLEI.2014.6965150.

Muller, M. J. and Druin, A. (2003). Participatory design: the third space in HCI. In The human-computer interaction handbook, pages 1051-1068. L. Erlbaum Associates Inc., Hillsdale, NJ, USA.

Muller, M. J., Haslwanter, J. H., and Dayton, T. (1997). Participatory Practices in the Software Lifecycle. In Helander, M. G., Landauer, T. K., and Prabhu, P. V., editors, Handbook of Human-Computer Interaction, chapter 11, pages 256-269. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2 edition.

Norman, D. (2013). The Design of Everyday Things. Basic Books, New York, New York, USA.

Nuseibeh, B. and Easterbrook, S. (2000). Requirements engineering. In Proceedings of the conference on The future of Software engineering - ICSE '00, volume 1, pages 35-46, New York, New York, USA. ACM Press. DOI: 10.1145/336512.336523.

Ogunyemi, A. and Lamas, D. (2014). Interplay between human-computer interaction and software engineering. In 2014 9th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI), pages 1-10, Barcelona, Spain. IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/CISTI.2014.6877024.

Oran, A. C., Nascimento, E., Santos, G., and Conte, T. (2017). Analysing Requirements Communication Using Use Case Specification and User stories. In Proceedings of the 31st Brazilian Symposium on Software Engineering - SBES'17, pages 214-223, New York, New York, USA. ACM Press. DOI: 10.1145/3131151.3131166.

Pacheco, C., García, I., and Reyes, M. (2018). Requirements elicitation techniques: a systematic literature review based on the maturity of the techniques. IET Software, 12(4):365-378. DOI: 10.1049/iet-sen.2017.0144.

Pereira, R. and Baranauskas, M. C. C. (2015). A value-oriented and culturally informed approach to the design of interactive systems. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 80:66-82. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhcs.2015.04.001.

Pita, G. L., Zabot, D., Rosa, J. C. S., and Matos, E. (2017). Adapting the SPIDe to Include Visually Impaired Users in Interaction Design. In Proceedings of the XVI Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems - IHC 2017, pages 1-4, New York, New York, USA. ACM Press. DOI: 10.1145/3160504.3160579.

Rocha, H. V. and Baranauskas, M. C. C. (2003). Design e avaliação de interfaces humano-computador. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas.

Rosa, J. C. S. (2017). Design de Interacão Multicultural: Um Framework Semioparticipativo para o (re)design da Interacão de Softwares Educacionais. Mestrado, Universidade Federal da Bahia.

Rosa, J. C. S. and Matos, E. (2016). Semio-Participatory Framework for Interaction Design of Educational Software. In Proceedings of the 15th Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computer Systems - IHC '16, pages 1-10, New York, New York, USA. ACM Press. DOI: 10.1145/3033701.3033734.

Rosa, J. C. S., Matos, E., Santos, F., and Silva, G. (2018). Experimentando o SPIDe aplicado à Elicitação de Requisitos. In Anais do WER18 - Workshop em Engenharia de Requisitos, pages 1-14, Rio de Janeiro. PUC-Rio. DOI: 10.17771/PUCRio.wer.inf2018-34.

Rosa, J. C. S., Silva, F. S., Silva, G. J. F., and Matos, E. (2017). Applying SPIDe's Techniques in Requirements Engineering: a sistematic review. Computing and System Journal, 7(2):290-303.

Rosa, V. and Matos, E. (2019). Codesign de Interação com/por/para o Sujeito Idoso: Identificação e Validação de Requisitos para Engajamento na Produção de Tecnologias Digitais. In Anais Estendidos do Simpósio Brasileiro de Fatores Humanos em Sistemas Computacionais (IHC), pages 154-157, Porto Alegre, Brasil. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC. DOI: 10.5753/ihc.2019.8420.

Rosa, V. A. and Matos, E. (2020). Strategies to improve engagement of long-lived elderly women (80+) in the interaction co-design process. In Proceedings of the 19th Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pages 1-10, New York, NY, USA. ACM. DOI: 10.1145/3424953.3426500.

Seffah, A., Desmarais, M. C., and Metzker, E. (2005). HCI, Usability and Software Engineering Integration: Present and Future. In Seffah, A., Gulliksen, J., and Desmarais, M., editors, Human-Centered Software Engineering - Integrating Usability in the Software Development Lifecycle, chapter 3, pages 37-57. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht. DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-4113-6_3.

Shull, F., Carver, J., and Travassos, G. H. (2001). An empirical methodology for introducing software processes. In Proceedings of the 8th European software engineering conference held jointly with 9th ACM SIGSOFT international symposium on Foundations of software engineering - ESEC/FSE-9, page 288, New York, New York, USA. ACM Press. DOI: 10.1145/503209.503248.

Vilarinho, T., Farshchian, B., Floch, J., and Hansen, O. G. (2019). Participatory Ideation for Gamification: Bringing the User at the Heart of the Gamification Design Process. In Bogdan, C., K., K., M., L., P., P., and M., W., editors, Human-Centered Software Engineering. HCSE 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume 11262, pages 51-61. Springer International Publishing, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05909-5_4.

Wagner, S., Greer, D., Lassenius, C., Männistö, T., Nayebi, M., Oivo, M., Penzenstadler, B., Prikladnicki, R., Ruhe, G., Schekelmann, A., Sen, S., Fernández, D. M., Spínola, R., Tuzcu, A., Vara, J. L. D. L., Winkler, D., Felderer, M., Vetrò, A., Kalinowski, M., Wieringa, R., Pfahl, D., Conte, T., and Christiansson, M.-T. (2019). Status Quo in Requirements Engineering. ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 28(2):1-48. DOI: 10.1145/3306607.

Wohlin, C., Runeson, P., Höst, M., Ohlsson, M. C., Regnell, B., and Wesslén, A. (2012). Experimentation in software engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-29044-2.

Zabot, D., Andrade, S., and Matos, E. (2019). Game Design participativo com crianças surdas e com deficiência auditiva: uma experiência no ensino fundamental. In Anais do Workshop sobre Interação e Pesquisa de Usuários no Desenvolvimento de Jogos (WIPlay), pages 49-58, Porto Alegre, Brazil. SBC. DOI: 10.5753/wiplay.2019.7839.