GRALD: an Approach for Goal and Risk Analysis in the Development of Information Systems for the Web of Data
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5753/jserd.2019.18Keywords:
Linked Data, Goal-oriented Requirements Engineering, Risk Analysis, Web EngineeringAbstract
The publication of Linked Data on the Web regarding several application domains leads to new problems related to Requirements Engineering, which needs to take into account aspects related to new ways of developing systems and delivering information integrated with the Web of Data. Tasks such as (functional and non-functional) requirements elicitation and ontology-based conceptual modeling can be applied to the development of systems that publish Linked Data, in order to obtain a better shared conceptualization (i.e., a domain ontology) of the published data. The use of vocabularies is an intrinsic activity when publishing or consuming Linked Data and their choice can be supported by the elicited requirements and domain ontology. However, it is important to assess the risk when choosing external vocabularies, as their use can lead to problems, such as misinterpretation of meanings due to poor documentation, connection timeouts due to infrastructure problems, etc. Thus, risk identification, modeling and analysis techniques can be employed, in order to identify risks and their impacts on stakeholder goals. In this work, we propose GRALD: Goals and Risks Analysis for Linked Data, an approach for modeling goals and risks for information systems for the Web of Data.
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References
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Bannerman, P. L. (2008). Risk and risk management in software projects: A reassessment. Journal of Systems and Software, 81(12):2118 – 2133
Berners-Lee, T., Hendler, J., and Lassila, O. (2001). The Semantic Web. Scientific American, 284(5):34–43.
Bizer, C., Heath, T., and Berners-Lee, T. (2009). Linked datathe story so far. Int. J. Semant. Web Inf. Syst., 5(3):1–22.
Boehm, B. W. (1991). Software risk management: principles and practices. IEEE Software, 8(1):32–41.
Bruwer, R. and Rudman, R. (2015). Web 3.0: governance, risks and safeguards. Journal of Applied Business Research, 31(3):1037
Celino, D. R., Reis, L. V., Martins, B. F., and Souza, V. E. S. (2016). A Framework-based Approach for the Integration of Web-based Information Systems on the Semantic Web. In Proc. of the 22nd Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web, pages 231–238. ACM.
Costal, D., López, L., Morandini, M., Siena, A., Annosi, M. C., Gross, D., Méndez, L., Franch, X., and Susi, A. (2015). Aligning business goals and risks in oss adoption. In International Conference on Conceptual Modeling, pages 35–49. Springer.
de Freitas, M. L., Silva, A. A., Guizzardi, R. S. S., and Souza, V. E. S. (2018). Goal and Risk Analysis in the Development of Information Systems for the Web of Data. In Proc.
of the 21st Ibero-American Conference on Software Engineering (CIbSE 2018), Requirements Engineering track, pages 473–486, Bogota, Colombia. Curran Associates.
Falbo, R. A. (2014). SABiO: Systematic Approach for Building Ontologies. In Guizzardi, G., Pastor, O., Wand, Y., de Cesare, S., Gailly, F., Lycett, M., and Partridge, C., editors, Proc. of the 1st Joint Workshop ONTO.COM / ODISE on Ontologies in Conceptual Modeling and Information Systems Engineering. CEUR
Giorgini, P., Mylopoulos, J., and Sebastiani, R. (2005). Goaloriented requirements analysis and reasoning in the tropos methodology. Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell., 18(2):159–171
Guizzardi, G. (2005). Ontological Foundations for Structural Conceptual Models. Phd thesis, University of Twente, The Netherlands
Heath, T. and Bizer, C. (2011). Linked Data: Evolving the Web into a Global Data Space. Synthesis Lectures on the Semantic Web: Theory and Technology. Morgan & Claypool Publishers.
Horkoff, J., Aydemir, F. B., Cardoso, E., Li, T., Maté, A., Paja, E., Salnitri, M., Mylopoulos, J., and Giorgini, P. (2016). Goal-oriented requirements engineering: A systematic literature map. In 2016 IEEE 24th International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE), pages 106–115.
Hyland, B., Atemezing, G., and Villazón-Terrazas, B. (2014). Best Practices for Publishing Linked Data, https://www.w3.org/TR/ld-bp/ (last access: May 26th, 2017).
Kenett, R. S., Franch, X., Susi, A., and Galanis, N. (2014). Adoption of free libre open source software (floss): A risk management perspective. In 2014 IEEE 38th Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference, pages 171–180.
López, L. (2015). Welcome to the RISCOSS Risk Modeling repository, https://github.com/RISCOSS/riscoss-risk-modeling/wiki (last access: May 26th,2017).
López, L. and Franch, X. (2014). Applying business strategy models in organizations. In Proc. of the 7th International i* Workshop. CEUR.
López, L. and Siena, A. (2015). How to create a Risk Model, https://github.com/RISCOSS/riscoss-risk-modeling/wiki/How-to-create-a-Risk-Model (last access: May 25th, 2017)
Martins, B. F. and Souza, V. E. S. (2015). A Model-Driven Approach for the Design of Web Information Systems based on Frameworks. In Proc. of the 21st Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web, pages 41–48. ACM.
Moreno, J., Serrano, M., and Fernandez-Medina, E. (2018). Modelado de Requisitos de Seguridad para Big Data. In Proc. of the 21st Ibero-American Conference on Software Engineering (CIbSE 2018), Requirements Engineering track, pages 515–522, Bogota, Colombia. Curran Associates
Mylopoulos, J., Chung, L., and Nixon, B. (1992). Representing and using nonfunctional requirements: a processoriented approach. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 18(6):483–497.
Pimentel, J. and Castro, J. (2018). piStar Tool – A Pluggable Online Tool for Goal Modeling. In Proc. of the IEEE 26th International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE 2018), pages 498–499, Banff, AB, Canada. IEEE.
Silva, A. A. (2017). C2D - Módulo de Credenciamento e Classificação de Docentes do Sistema Marvin. Undergraduate Project, Federal University of Espírito Santo.
van Lamsweerde, A. and Letier, E. (2000). Handling obstacles in goal-oriented requirements engineering. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng., 26(10):978–1005
W3C (2017). Data on the Web Best Practices, https://www.w3.org/TR/dwbp/ (last access: Jul 25th, 2018)
Westfall, L. and Road, C. (2001). Software Risk Management. Risk Manag., pages 1–8
Yu, E. S. K. (2009). Social Modeling and i*. In Borgida, A., Chaudhri, V., Giorgini, P., and Yu, E., editors, Conceptual Modeling: Foundations and Applications, chapter 7, pages 99–121. Springer.
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Published
2019-09-08
How to Cite
de Freitas, M. L., Guizzardi, R. S. S., & Souza, V. E. S. (2019). GRALD: an Approach for Goal and Risk Analysis in the Development of Information Systems for the Web of Data. Journal of Software Engineering Research and Development, 7, 4:1 – 4:13. https://doi.org/10.5753/jserd.2019.18
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