Teoria do Fluxo para Promover a Aprendizagem em Sistemas Educacionais: É Realmente Relevante?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5753/rbie.2018.26.02.29Keywords:
Teoria do Fluxo, Estado de Fluxo, Experiência de fluxo, Computadores e Educação, Revisão Sistemática da LiteraturaAbstract
A Teoria do Fluxo tem sido cada vez mais aplicada a Computadores e Educação para abordar vários tópicos dentro deste campo (por exemplo, motivação, engajamento, desempenho de aprendizagem e assim por diante). Ao mesmo tempo, em comparação com outras teorias recentes relacionadas a Computadores e Educação (por exemplo, Teoria da Autodeterminação, Teoria da Curva S, Motivação Intrínseca, etc.), é um tópico jovem, com diferentes questões de pesquisa em aberto. Além disso, a comunidade de Computadores e Educação ainda carece de uma compreensão abrangente de como a Teoria do Fluxo é usada na área. Assim, este artigo apresenta uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura com o objetivo de identificar como o estado de fluxo dos alunos é medido durante as atividades de aprendizagem, como tais atividades são projetadas, quais são os modelos de fluxo usados em Computadores e Educação e quais são os principais benefícios de estar no estado de fluxo para os alunos. As principais descobertas deste trabalho são: (1) há evidências positivas sobre os benefícios da aplicação da Teoria do Fluxo em Computadores e Educação, especialmente, para aumentar a aprendizagem dos alunos, gerar satisfação dos alunos e permitir o comportamento exploratório; (2) a maioria dos estudos utiliza questionários para identificar manualmente o estado de fluxo dos alunos; (3) uma grande diversidade de escalas de estado de fluxo tem sido utilizada; (4) a maioria dos estudos não está elaborando atividades para conduzir os alunos ao estado de fluxo e (5) o modelo de fluxo de Csikszentmihalyi é o mais utilizado. Por fim, concluímos este trabalho apresentando algumas oportunidades de pesquisa promissoras e interessantes que são pouco exploradas na pesquisa e na prática atuais.
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Copyright (c) 2018 Wilk Oliveira dos Santos, Ig Ibert Bittencourt, Diego Dermeval, Seiji Isotani, Leonardo Brandão Marques, Ismar Frango Silveira
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