Una nueva aproximación al Problema de Balanceo de Currículo Académico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5753/rbie.2023.2965Keywords:
Problema de Equilibrio del Currículo Académico, Programación Entera Quadrática Mixta, Programación por Restricciones, Método de Suma Ponderada, Frontera de Pareto, Desarrollo webAbstract
El Equilibrio Curricular Académico es una alternativa para la construcción de trayectorias curriculares, con foco en la planificación de la carga horaria del estudiante, mediante la asignación de asignaturas por periodos de forma equilibrada en relación al número de créditos y respetando los prerrequisitos. Este trabajo presenta el desarrollo de un modelo multiobjetivo titulado Equilibrio Curricular con Datos de Fracaso en las Materias, el cual tiene tres objetivos: distribuir créditos de manera más equitativa entre periodos, acercar disciplinas interrelacionadas y equilibrar más adecuadamente disciplinas con alta retención. El modelo fue transcrito utilizando un algoritmo exacto de Programación Entera Mixta y Programación por Restricciones, y dada su característica multiobjetivo, se aplicó el método de Suma Ponderada en la obtención de soluciones, constituidas en la frontera de Pareto. Los resultados experimentales obtenidos al probar un plan de estudios de educación superior proporcionaron mejoras significativas en el equilibrio de la carga de trabajo de los estudiantes. Se desarrolló una herramienta computacional que engloba el nuevo modelo, con el fin de posibilitar la aplicación del enfoque propuesto en escenarios reales, favoreciendo el aprendizaje y culminación del curso en el tiempo ideal. En una Encuesta de Opinión realizada a estudiantes y directivos se demostró el cumplimiento de los objetivos de la herramienta y su aplicabilidad.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Clayton Brás de Souza Lopes, Luciana Pereira de Assis, Alessandro Vivas Andrade, Cristiano Grijó Pitangui, Fabiano Azevedo Dorça
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
